Jurnal Internasional
International Journal Logistic Management: Assessment of empty container repositioning policies in maritime transport
Abstract
Purpose – Empty container repositioning is an important issue in the liner shipping industry.
Generally stated, two groups of mathematical models have been proposed to tackle this issue. The first
group aims to derive time-dependent origin-destination matrices that specify the number of empty
containers to be repositioned at a decision epoch; the second group aims to develop effective statefeedback
control policies consisting of dynamic decision-making rules. There is, however, a lack of
research into the comparison of these two groups, especially with regard to realistic cases subject to
uncertainties. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and compare the performances of some typical
repositioning policies from these two groups and to shed light on their relative merits and suitability in
various realistic scenarios.
Design/methodology/approach – Based on a literature review, the paper classifies the current
empty container repositioning policies into two categories: origin-destination (OD) based solutions and
state-based dynamic rules. Typical policies are selected from these two categories and then evaluated
using a simulation tool. A range of scenarios are designed based on realistic cases considering the
stochastic and dynamic nature of liner services. A comprehensive set of simulation experiments
are conducted and analysed; and the relative merits and suitability of the repositioning policies
are identified.
Findings – Through a carefully designed comparative study, several research findings are obtained
with regard to how the performances of different types of empty container repositioning policies are
affected by various factors such as structure of service route, uncertainty of daily demands, and
parametric optimisation methods.
Originality/value – The study makes a good attempt to analyse the suitability of different empty
container repositioning policies in different scenarios. This is an area that has lacked investigation.
The research findings can help shipping companies and other relevant stakeholders better understand
the relative merits of different empty container repositioning policies and better tackle the challenges
in operating the container shipping system.
Keywords Freight containers, Liners, Logistics management, Empty container repositioning,
Liner shipping, Inventory, Simulation, Dynamic, Stochastic
Paper type Research paper
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